" We need to translate English to Dutch, preserving HTML tags. Provide only the translated HTML. Let's translate each piece. Original:

Plains Indian Sign Language

Translate "Plains Indian Sign Language" to Dutch: "Plains Indian Sign Language" maybe "Plains Indian Sign Language" is a proper name; could keep as is? Usually proper nouns stay same. But we can translate: "Plains Indian Sign Language" could be "Plains Indian Sign Language" (the name). Might keep original. But maybe "Plains Indian Sign Language" -> "Plains Indian Sign Language". We'll keep as is. But the rest of text: translate. Paragraph:

Linguists work hard to try to save many languages from extinction, and one that has come close to that point is Plains Indian Sign Language or PISL. This was once... Today, less than 100 people are believed to know it fluently. How did this happen? 

Translate to Dutch. Let's produce translation: "Linguïsten werken hard om veel talen te redden van uitsterven, en één die dicht bij dat punt is gekomen is Plains Indian Sign Language of PISL. Dit was ooit een van de meest verspreide talen in de Amerika's, en haar geschiedenis gaat vooraf aan de meeste Europese varianten van gebarentaal. Vandaag wordt aangenomen dat minder dan 100 mensen het vloeiend beheersen. Hoe is dit gebeurd?" Make sure to keep same spaces and punctuation. Now heading:

The Spread of PISL

Translate "The Spread of PISL" -> "De verspreiding van PISL" Now paragraph with many lines. We need to keep
etc. The original includes
etc. We'll preserve them. Let's rewrite the paragraph content in Dutch, preserving the
tags. Original paragraph:


PISL’s origins are unknown since no written records exist in the pre-contact days. Some experts claim that signing started in Mexico, where there were many different nations with different languages of their own. Signing was an easy way to facilitate trade and spread information. Signing could also be used when making war or peace. 

The earliest recorded instance of PISL’s use was in 1527 by Spanish explorer Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca during his journey through what’s now Texas. A more detailed description was made by Francisco Coronado 14 years later. He said that the Comanche could be understood without the need for someone to interpret their words into Spanish. This shows that, even in the 16th Century, PISL was quite commonplace among the nations of what would become the Southwestern United States. By contrast, the first true European sign languages don’t appear until 1620. 

By 1620, with the spread of the horse from Mexico northwards, the Plains Sign Language had spread to over 30 different nations from the Rio Grande all the way to the modern Northwest Territories in Canada. Once it reached the Crow Nation in the modern Northwest United States, they spread it around and supplanted the Plateau Sign Language that was prevalent in what’s now Wyoming, Idaho and Montana. 

It even spread eastward to the northern shores of Lake Michigan, but it didn’t spread much further east than that in US. In Canada, however, it spread as far east as Labrador. In all, over 2/3 of all of North America’s indigenous peoples had a universal sign language that allowed then to communicate, and it was a language that had not yet been considered by Europeans.

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We need to translate each sentence. Let's translate: First line after
: "PISL's origins are unknown since no written records exist in the pre-contact days." Dutch: "De oorsprong van PISL is onbekend omdat er geen geschreven verslagen bestaan uit de pre-contactperiode." Second: "Some experts claim that signing started in Mexico, where there were many different nations with different languages of their own." Dutch: "Sommige deskundigen beweren dat het gebaren begon in Mexico, waar veel verschillende naties waren met elk hun eigen talen." Third: "Signing was an easy way to facilitate trade and spread information." Dutch: "Gebaren was een gemakkelijke manier om handel te vergemakkelijken en informatie te verspreiden." Fourth: "Signing could also be used when making war or peace." Dutch: "Gebaren kon ook worden gebruikt bij het voeren van oorlog of vrede." Now next paragraph after two
. "The earliest recorded instance of PISL's use was in 1527 by Spanish explorer Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca during his journey through what's now Texas." Dutch: "De vroegst gedocumenteerde vermelding van het gebruik van PISL dateert uit 1527 door de Spaanse ontdekkingsreiziger Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca tijdens zijn reis door het huidige Texas." "A more detailed description was made by Francisco Coronado 14 years later." Dutch: "Veertien jaar later gaf Francisco Coronado een meer gedetailleerde beschrijving." "He said that the Comanche could be understood without the need for someone to interpret their words into Spanish." Dutch: "Hij zei dat de Comanche begrepen konden worden zonder dat iemand hun woorden naar het Spaans hoefde te vertalen." "This shows that, even in the 16th Century, PISL was quite commonplace among the nations of what would become the Southwestern United States." Dutch: "Dit toont aan dat PISL zelfs in de 16e eeuw al vrij algemeen was onder de naties die later het zuidwesten van de Verenigde Staten zouden vormen." "By contrast, the first true European sign languages don't appear until 1620." Dutch: "Ter vergelijking verschijnen de eerste echte Europese gebarentalen pas in 1620." Now next paragraph. "By 1620, with the spread of the horse from Mexico northwards, the Plains Sign Language had spread to over 30 different nations from the Rio Grande all the way to the modern Northwest Territories in Canada." Dutch: "Tegen 1620, met de verspreiding van het paard vanuit Mexico naar het noorden, had de Plains Sign Language zich verspreid naar meer dan 30 verschillende naties, van de Rio Grande tot aan de huidige Northwest Territories in Canada." "Once it reached the Crow Nation in the modern Northwest United States, they spread it around and supplanted the Plateau Sign Language that was prevalent in what's now Wyoming, Idaho and Montana." Dutch: "Toen het de Crow-natie in het huidige noordwesten van de Verenigde Staten bereikte, verspreidden zij het en vervingen ze de Plateau Sign Language die gangbaar was in het huidige Wyoming, Idaho en Montana." Now next paragraph. "It even spread eastward to the northern shores of Lake Michigan, but it didn't spread much further east than that in US." Dutch: "Het verspreidde zich zelfs oostwaarts tot aan de noordelijke oevers van Lake Michigan, maar het kwam niet veel verder oostwaarts in de VS." "In Canada, however, it spread as far east as Labrador." Dutch: "In Canada echter, bereikte het zo ver oostwaarts als Labrador." "In all, over 2/3 of all of North America's indigenous peoples had a universal sign language that allowed then to communicate, and it was a language that had not yet been considered by Europeans." Dutch: "In totaal had meer dan tweederde van alle inheemse volkeren van Noord-Amerika een universele gebarentaal die hen in staat stelde te communiceren, en het was een taal die door Europeanen nog niet was overwogen." Now ensure we preserve tags and
tags exactly as original. Original structure:


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We need to replicate same pattern: first a
then a span with text, then
then
etc. Let's map. Original: 1.
2. PISL’s origins ... peace

The Decline of PISL

As time went by and White settlement expanded westward, the number of PISL users started to drop. As late as 1885, there were still roughly 110,000 people in the United States that could speak the language. However, the rise of native boarding schools and the severe damage they caused to native languages and cultures effectively decimated PISL. By the 1960s, the number was down to under 1,000 people. Today, it’s only used by a handful of deaf people on some reservations. 

There are, however, attempts to revive the language. Reservation schools and colleges in the West and the Great Plains now have PISL language courses, and these courses are growing in popularity and awareness. The process to revive this endangered treasure of America’s past will be slow, but the evidence shows that PISL can become a widely-used language among Native Americans once again.

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Source: http://www.voanews.com/amp/3794333.html